My Last Post .. Web 2.0 Project

Web 2.0 project was one of the most beneficial projects I would carry out many years even after graduation. This project enables me to implement both presentation and training skills that I leaned. It was never easy to give training in a new subject for students in only 20 mints but I’m proud I didn't with a very high score.

      

Gmail:

I create Gmail account just for the course but then I realized that the capacity of the email exceeds the Hotmail capacity. I also can save my folders, Photos, documents in Google Drive and that enable me to work even if I don’t have internet. It also helped me a lot in organizing me emails based on the categories.

  

Blogs:

I enjoyed using this tool, it allowed me to share my interest with people around and especially with people with same interest. Now I can write about everything I lean about horses and how to take care of them. I’m planning to create a new page a put all the Equestrian Clubs numbers and address. I faced some problems while designing my blog, whenever I want to add a new gadget with Java code it doesn't accept it.

Google Chrome:

From my personal experience I feel Google Chrome is much better and greater than Internet Explorer. It made my life much easier and I saved a lot of time while doing my projects. Google Chrome has a very high speed in browsing and downloading. Now I’m used to it and I don’t want to change it to nay browsing server at all.

Google Searching:

I was using Google search even before college, it’s very useful engine that gave me the exact information I’m looking for. Now I know more than before, the advance option enable me to use Google in a daily bases and for everything. For instance I know the current time in everywhere in the global, the weather as well as books and authors.

Google Calendar:

Google calendar is my Secretary with only by one click I can book an appointment and cancel it. People who share Google+ can know my time table. The most I like is that I don’t have to browse it, but I can download my Google calendar in my smart phone easily and that allows me to view my calendar even if the mail is closed.

Google Docs:

As much as I was looking forward to use this tool as much as I don’t want to today. It’s very useful tool but I didn't liked it very much, as it’s very slow and I can’t copy or past my work. It keeps changing the fonts, color, alignment and the sizes, which means that I have to do the work twice. 

I used the program in my project management course and but I had to do the work in Microsoft Ward and past it the Google Docs. However, I enjoyed doing the forms (survey) it helped me a lot in my Industry Project.

Google Sites:

As much as I faced difficulties in school where I have to create a website as much as enjoyed it MIS, in school we used to use Front page to create our webpages however in year 1 we used Dreamweaver.  Google site allowed me to add picture, videos, tables, etc. in easy way. I’m working know on my new site that will allow me to put all picture of my new business. And that will help me a lot to make mu clients know all the updates.

Google Earth and Google Map:

The most interesting features that Google provide, I adore them. Whenever I need to know about any country I go directly to Google earth or Google Map, they provide me with pictures videos and some information that helped me a lot in my life, they combines all the information I need in one place so I don’t have to go and search for the weather, traffic, hotels, historical places etc. related to the place I'm looking for. 

Google Finance:

I think that this is a very good feature that I could use in my studies, however, we only knew about it in our last semester. I also think that the page need to be more organized, as much as it’s useful but the think it’s complicated to find the exact information.

Google Picasa:

The great software that assists me to edit my photos and make videos, although the program is very nice but I didn't like the saving option of the program. It always saves the edited picture on the original ones.

Twitter:

I use to have a twitter account before the session and I think that was the reason why Mr. Tridib assigned me to conduct training on it. I was very happy since I love using twitter and I wanted my friends to use it. I post tweet on a daily basis, re-tweet others tweets and relay their enquirers.

Facebook:

 Facebook is a social utility that links people with their friends, family, coworkers and others who live around them. I was one of Facebook fans previously but now I hardly use it. But I admitted that it’s very nice tool that people can use to share ideas, photos and online chatting. Business also can benefit from this site, and they can generate more money out of it. For me I used to play social games using my Facebook account and most of the games were not free. That is why I anything related to social such as games, business, etc. can benefit much. 

Recommendation:

I suggest that this course have to given to foundations or year one students that will help them a lot in the following years. especially that most of these features are helpful in the projects. 

To visit my Google Site: Click Here

How To Braid A Horse's Mane and Tail

How to Canter

Steps:

1- Warm up your horse. First, use a lunge line attached to the horse's bridle, and have it walk and trot around you in a round pen. After you've done that for maybe 10 minutes, mount (while your horse is still on the lunge line), and then do some walking and trotting for the same amount of time.

2- Prepare your horse to canter by picking up a balanced, forward trot. Sit a few strides before asking to canter. Tighten your inside rein and bend your horse around your inside leg. When you are prepared, ask your horse to canter by kicking or squeezing your outside leg and use your seat to push your horse forward (lean back and don't pull on your horse's mouth. Have some contact with your horse's mouth but don't be yanking on your reins. Your horse might balance by maybe moving his/her head so soften your elbows and let him/her. Also keep your butt in your saddle at all times). The horse should pick up the canter. If not, the person on the ground can use the lunge whip (without hitting the horse) to encourage them to move forward into the canter.

• A common fault when learning to canter is pulling on the reins for balance. This prevents the horse from moving forward and isn't very nice on their mouth! If you are on the lunge line, you can go into two-point position and hold the horse's mane or a safety strap (martingale). This will help you develop the feel for cantering without pulling on the horse's mouth. Remember that when you're holding onto the saddle cloth you have less control over the horse, this is very dangerous, instead just sit really deep into the saddle.
• If you are not pulling on the reins and your horse still doesn't canter, he may just be lazy so you can try giving them a kick with your outside leg or using a crop just behind your outside leg to reinforce the aid. Riders just learning to canter should not use a crop. Coordinating the crop while cantering for the first time is too much to handle! Inexperienced riders should always have a knowledgeable person on the ground for advice, as there are many other reasons a horse may not pick up the canter such as stiffness or lameness that a beginner may not diagnose.

3- Once you are in the canter for the first time, try to relax and breathe! It will take a few times to get comfortable. Ideally you want your seat to stay in the saddle and follow the motion of the horse. Just like learning to rise the trot took practice, so will learning to sit the canter. Some horses are smoother than others so if you feel like you are getting pushed around too much when you try to sit, try holding two-point in the canter for a few laps on the lunge so you can get use to the feeling of the canter. If you are nervous and tense, you will not be able to relax in your seat and follow the motion of the canter. If you feel that the horse is going too fast lean back a little bit and take off some of your lower leg pressure, your horse will probably slow down


4- While cantering, just like at the walk, your hands should lightly follow the motion of the horse's head. You want your shoulders, hips and heels to remain in vertical alignment. You need your back and stomach muscles to be supple to absorb the motion of the canter. Your legs should remain still, relaxed and closed around the horses sides without clamping so your weight can sink down in your heels. remember, it is almost impossible to fall off if you sit up straight and follow the motion.


5- With time and practice, cantering will become easy! Remember, nothing replaces an experienced instructor and a well-schooled horse for learning the basics.

Tips:

• The two-point position is the jumping position.
• Make sure your riding area has safe, level footing. You don't want to have to maneuver around jumps, chairs or other riding ring clutter when learning to canter.
• The ideal horse to learn to canter on is quiet, well schooled and knows how to be lunged.
• Lean back when you are slowing your horse down. Leaning forward will encourage your horse to move faster.
• Make sure you are comfortable and confident in a posting and sitting trot before you attempt a canter.
• Always have a person on the ground with you, ideally an instructor if you are a beginner and still just learning basic skills.
• You need to be comfortable and balanced at the walk and trot before learning to canter. You should be able to hold two-point position in the trot.
• If you want to stop but you're too scared to let go of the saddle cloth, just lean back. Most horses respond and slow down if you completely relax.
• Try to stay relaxed in your lower back and abdominal muscles so that your hips rock with the movement of the canter while keeping your upper body still.
• You also should have mastered the walk and trot and be able to do well in the sitting trot.
• Give the aids for canter on a corner (if riding in a school). This will help the horse to strike off on the correct leading leg.
• In horse riding, one of the hardest things to do is relax, but once you do, it's way easier to canter.
• Use a firm aid so that your horse picks up the canter without "running" in a fast and bumpy trot. If your horse doesn't pick up the canter, slow down the trot so that it is steady and balanced again before reapplying the aids to canter.
• If you lose your stirrups, don't freak out. Just go along with it. Sometimes, it's easier to canter without stirrups.
• If you feel comfortable cantering from a trot, ask your instructor if you can canter from a walk. Some instructors insist that you canter from a walk.
• If possible, have an experienced rider or instructor lunge your horse for you while you are mounted (the horse travels in a circle around them using a lunge line). This way the person on the ground is controlling the speed and direction of the horse so you can focus on getting comfortable cantering.
  • An alternative way to ask for the canter is to tighten your inside rein then squeeze with the outside. If the horse does not immediately pick it up from a walk don't stress. If your horse is undergoing training it will come with time. But if your horse is trained and experienced no tolerance then. If you tighten your inside rein press it against the horses neck or lift it and slide your outside back and the horse trots pull back at the walk and squeeze with a little bit more pressure ankles or spurs work and your horse should pick it up from the walk. Should your horse pick up the wrong lead then you have two options.. simple change or flying lead change. A simple change is when the horse picks up for example the outside lead and you want them to pick up the inside you pull back to a trot and ask for the inside lead. The more complicated one is the flying lead change when you are cantering and want to change your leads as if your doing dressage turn your horse diagonally and reverse at the canter the moment your going to get on the rail ask for the desired lead and the horse should change the back first then the front. Should your horse not change the back it isn't a flying lead change then it is called the horse dropping its shoulder.
• Ask for the canter from the walk by shortening up your reins.Then, put your outside leg back behind the girth and slide your heel up the barrel of the horse.

Warnings:

• Also if you feel insecure, try to avoid gripping with your legs if at all possible. This may help you feel more secure, but remember, it's telling the horse to go faster, or keep going, and if you feel insecure, you don't want the horse to keep going at a canter.
• If you feel like you're going to fall off, lean back a bit more, because you may be leaning forward too far. That means you're bouncing on your pelvis and your center of balance is off, making you feel insecure. If that still doesn't work, rein the horse in.
• Never attempt this without prior horse experience! Always wear a helmet and have a guardian or qualified trainer with you.
• All riders should wear an approved helmet and appropriate footwear (hard soled boots with a heel).
• Do not buy too big of a heel on your boot. If you do, it will be very hard to hop on without your horse storming off. When you hop on with huge heels, it is basically telling your horse to go.
• To prevent yourself from gripping with your legs, be sure to keep the balls of your feet pressed against the stirrups, and press your heels towards the ground.

Things You will Need:

• A calm and well-trained horse
• Appropriate riding safety gear/attire
• An instructor or trainer
• Crop (optional)
• Lunging whip

Ref: http://www.wikihow.com/Canter-With-Your-Horse

How to Trot

Steps :

1- Start at a walk

2- Sit right. You need to have your back up and straight up your heels down and your hands up and close together but not touching.

3- Squeeze both legs on your horse, with a little bit harder pressure on the inside leg (if you squeeze the outside leg harder, this is the aid for canter). If it doesn't respond, Gently kick the horse's flank with one of your legs. Only kick as a last resort. This is going to make your horse grumpy, and sensitive horses might end up reacting and hurting you.

4-Get on the right diagonal to post. Diagonal is when you go up the horse's shoulder closest to the wall should go forward then when you go down the horse's shoulder should go back. While this is the extreme basics of posting, you might want to know why you do it. Not only are you raising yourself up when the outside shoulder-blade comes forward, but you are lifting yourself off of their back when the inside hind leg comes forward. Hence 'diagonal.' This allows their inside leg to extend farther and the horse can use itself more efficiently. A lot of people blindly post and have no idea why they do it.

5- If the horse starts slowing down your back will start hurting so you have to keep the horse fast (but not too fast -- making him speed up can cause him to go into another gait, or run off with you, thus you lose control). Your horse should always be moving forward, but collected in your hands. His energy should be powered by your legs and caught in your hands. Not by jerking on his mouth or kicking, mind you. Please, if you want to ride, it is so worthwhile to invest in some lessons.

Tips:

• If your horse starts going too fast, you might want to give the horse a little nub with the reins. Because sometimes horses stumble after going so fast.
• Another thing is that you always want to sit back in stead of leaning forward because you will lose your balance.
• You should never have to pull or catch the horse in the mouth with the reins. You should have a feel of his mouth at all times and let your arms move with the motion of his head, back and fourth in a tempo. You need to understand collection, and lengthening/shortening strides before you even attempt to trot, or post.

Warnings:

• Never do this without another person around, for safety reasons. Even seasoned riders always ride with others near, in case of emergency.

• Now you will always want to beware that the horse can get spooked and they might turn fast and might throw you off. Or might just turn sharply.
• Most of all, NEVER panic, and never ever yell or raise your voice at your horse. Keeping good contact on the outside rein, and using plenty of inside leg, looking forward at all times, and keeping your shoulders and hips square over the horse is the best, surefire way to keep your horse where you want it.
• "Never" trot without the "ability to walk."
• "Never" trot towards an open gate without tight reins. Your horse could break into a canter and be hard to control.
• "Never" jump in a canter until being able to jump trotting in a two-point position.

Ref: http://www.wikihow.com/Trot

How to get on a horse

How to Determine Correct Stirrup Length

Steps:

1. Tie up or get someone to hold your horse/pony
2. Get the hold of the buckle at the top of the stirrup leather
3. Get the stirrup iron and pull it up to your arm pit
4. If the end of the stirrup iron is still up your arm then it is to short and if it droops then it is too long
5. Adjust the stirrup to the correct hole
6. Get on and have FUN

Tips:

• If it is still too short on the bottom hole or still to long on the top hole then ask for either longer or shorter stirrups.
• Never leave your Horse/Pony untied whilst doing the stirrups up or down.

Warnings:

• Make sure the buckle is in the hole, firmly. Otherwise it might release the stirrup when you are riding.
• There is always the risk of falling off so wear a hat and if necessary a body protector.

Ref: http://www.wikihow.com/Determine-Correct-Stirrup-Length

How to Sit in a saddle

Steps:

1- Sit on your saddle, but without your feet in the stirrups.: It will show you what "sitting deep" feels like. Do this while walking, until you get the jist of it

2- Copy that feeling while your feet are in the stirrups.:It would look funny if you took your feet out of the stirrups while competing, wouldn't it? That's why you practice, practice, practice

3- If your rodeo event involves sitting deep, see where you do it.: In barrel racing, you usually sit deep when you're making your turns

Tips:

• You usually sway from side to side and feel like jello, and that's when you know you're doing it right.
• Try and relaxing your leg muscles when you ride deep with feet in the stirrups. It helps A LOT.

Warnings:

• You could scare your horse if he's not use to feet dangling, so be cautious.

Ref: http://www.wikihow.com/Sit-Deep-in-a-Saddle

How to Ride a Horse - 2

Tips:

1.    Make sure you're confident at 1 level of riding before you move on.

2.    Talk to your horse while going around him or coming up behind him so he knows you're approaching.

3.    Horses can actually tell what mood you are in when you are riding. If you are nervous, the horse will sense it and become nervous as well. That is why you should always stay relaxed and calm in the worst situations.

4.    Your helmet should be ASTM or SEI certified equestrian helmet. Biking helmets are not acceptable. If you fall off your horse or you've had your helmet for more than five years, replace it.

5.    Be gentle with the bit; don't yank. If your horse bolts, it is essential that you stay completely calm and you don't start getting rough with your horse. If you have a choice,start circling your horse and gradually make the circles smaller. As they get smaller,your horse will have no choice but to slow down. Do not simply yank your horse in one direction because you could (and most likely would) knock them off balance. See How to Handle Yourself on a Runaway Horse.

6.    Keep your heels down and look where you want to go.

7.    Accept that you'll fall off at some point. If you do, just mount again - treat falling off as something that is unpleasant, but not a reason to be afraid of riding.

8.    Ask your instructor what cues your horse responds to.

Warnings:

1.    Always ride with someone else in case of an emergency.

2.    Never sit or kneel near a horse.

3.    Have an experienced rider do a safety check of your tack before you mount.

4.    Try not to look down! You don't want to go that way do you? :)

5.    Wear appropriate clothing while riding.

6.    Try not to stand directly in front of a horse. A horses' vision is very different from ours. A horse cannot see as well in front of them because their eyes are on the sides of their heads. They do, however, have very good eyesight all the way around except for their rear. Try to approach your horse slightly from the side and keep any scary or strange objects in their view.

7.    If you need to go behind a horse, put your on hand on the back so they know you're back there

8.    Never approach a horse from behind as he may not know you are coming and get frightened.

  Things You will Need:

1. Tack
2. Appropriate riding clothes
3. A Riding Helmet
4. A horse
5. A grooming kit

Ref: http://www.wikihow.com/Ride-a-Horse

How to Ride a Horse - 1

Horseback riding has been part of human culture for a long time. For most of that time, riding was done for mostly utilitarian reasons such as work, travel, and warfare. Today, riding is predominantly recreational in nature, and is an activity loved by many. Most anybody can ride, and whether you like to ride for fun or have a more competitive nature, there's something for everybody. We'll show you how to get started.

 

General Practices

 

1- Find a good riding stable. If you're a beginner, trying to figure it out yourself will be difficult, and potentially dangerous. A good riding stable will have an experienced riding instructor, lesson horses appropriate for your level, and a good riding arena. When you're choosing a stable, take a lesson or two to evaluate the instructor and the lesson horse you'll be riding.

The riding instructor should be experienced and good at riding. She should be patient and good at teaching, and not pressure you to ride at a level you're not comfortable with.

The horse should be calm, experienced, and at least eight years old. Until you have more experience, choosing a seasoned, well-mannered horse will be safer and more fun.

2- Prepare your horse for riding. Before you ride, groom and tack up your horse with the help of your instructor.

• Groom the horse with a curry comb, then use a stiff brush to remove the dust and hair brought up by the curry comb. Then use a soft brush to finish. 
• Use a mane and tail comb to remove tangles and burrs.
• Tack your horse by putting the saddle on, then the girth, and then the bridle. Again, do this with the aid of an instructor at first, until you and the horse are comfortable with the procedure.
• Clean the horse's hooves (under guidance from your instructor). Be careful—horses can and do kick, so you will not want to do this alone until you are experienced.

3- Mount your horse.Traditionally, you mount a horse from the left side.

• Hold the reins in your left hand, and turn the stirrup towards you with your right. Put your left foot into the stirrup, hold the saddle, bounce gently in the stirrup, then swing your right leg over the horse, and sit down in the saddle.

Method One: English Riding

1- Find your balance riding. On your first lesson, your riding instructor will probably lead your horse or put him on a lunge line while you get used to the feeling of riding a horse. If you feel unbalanced, hold onto your horse's mane until you feel balanced again.

• If you move at a brisk pace, you'll be able to feel a rocking motion as you ride. Your seat should naturally move with the motion. Your arms also need to move with the motion of your horse; though you should have light contact with your horse's mouth, keep your elbows light and move them with the horse.
• When you ride, look straight forward and keep your back straight. About a third of your boot should be in the stirrup, and keep your heels pointing down. Don't let your leg go too far forward as if you're sitting in a chair—this is called the "chair seat" and is incorrect. Your shoulder, hip, and heel should all be aligned.

2- Use aids to control your horse. Aids can be 'natural, such as your hands, seat, and legs, or artificial, such as a crop (whip) or spurs.

• To make your horse move forward, squeeze with your calves. Horses that do not move forward after a gentle squeeze may need your squeeze to have more energy in it. Some people will say lazy or stubborn horses require kicks with your legs or the use of a crop or spurs but if a horse has been correctly educated then this amount of force is not needed. Remember, ask yourself the question, if a horse can feel a fly land on it then why would it need so much more force to get it to do things?
• To make your horse halt, sit deep in the saddle and apply pressure with the reins. You can also say "whoa". Practice halting your horse without using your reins; your horse should respond to your seat.
• To turn your horse, pull the left or right rein out to the side and apply pressure with your outside leg. You have to add pressure with your outside leg or your horse will turn his head as much as you please—and continue going straight forward.

3- Learn how to trot. Once you're confident at the walk, squeeze tighter and start trotting. You can sit or post the trot.

• When you sit the trot, sit deep in the saddle and keep contact with your legs. Be careful to keep your elbows relaxed, so you don't jerk on your horse's mouth - you can also try sitting the trot on the lunge line without reins.
• To post the trot, rise up in your stirrups every other step. Point your heel down and keep contact with the horse's mouth.
  • When you post the trot, you'll have to think about diagonals. Horses trot moving their legs diagonally. When you're moving to the left, you should rise when your horse's right shoulder is forward. When you're moving to the right, rise when your horse's left shoulder is forward. Try to just look with your eyes when you're checking your horse's diagonal - you could lose your balance if you turn your whole head.

4- Learn how to canter. The canter is a rocking gait similar to a rocking horse, except faster. To canter, move your outside leg slightly back and squeeze. Use this signal while you're at a slow trot; don't just speed up your horse or he'll usually start trotting quickly instead of cantering.

• When you sit the canter, your seat rolls with the canter and you stay in the position you normally ride in. Don't tense up—keep your upper body still and keep a steady contact with your horse's mouth.

· You can also canter while in the half-seat. You can sit in the half-seat by inclining your shoulders forward slightly (but don't slump!) and rotating your pelvis forward. You can also sit in the two-point position while cantering, but this is generally only used while jumping.

Method Two: Western Riding

1- Ride, like a cowboy. Western riding evolved from the practices of the Spanish Conquistadors in the New World, and was adopted by the cowboys of the American West.

  2- Hold the reins in both hands. When you're just learning, you may feel more comfortable using both hands on the reins. However, Western-trained horses are taught to move with your body cues, and will not need a lot of rein. Most western riders also use just one hand when riding. This method is called "Neck Reining". Neck reining is when you use one hand to guide the horse's neck back and forth while your other hand either holds the horn of the saddle or falls at your side. If you are beginner,start with 2 hands.

  When you turn, use your body, weight, and legs as in English-style riding. Push with your legs, and guide with your reins.

3- Walk your horse. Sit up tall in the saddle, put your legs forward, and allow your horse to stretch its head down and out. When you get comfortable walking the horse, move on to the next step.

4- Jog your horse. Jogging is similar to trotting, only slower and with longer strides. Rhythmically, it's a two-beat movement that you will recognize from countless westerns as the sound you hear as the stage coach is pulling in.

• When you jog, sit back a little further in your saddle.
• Western horses are often trained to recognize sounds as commands, and the traditional sound for jogging is a "tsk tsk" clicking of the tongue.

 5- Lope your horse. When you're comfortable with the jog, ask your horse to lope. It's a little quicker than a jog, and rhythmically, it's a 3-beat movement.

• The sound command for a lope is a noisy "kiss" sound.

 6- Have fun with your horse! Riding is an incredible sport, and you can do anything from polo to trail riding. Head on off into the sunset, and enjoy!

 

Horse Behaviour

Being able to recognise your horses behaviour is very important not only for their health and general well being but also for your own safety. Horses use a combination of body language signs and also their voice to whinny and use noise through their nostrils to communicate and display their feelings. Understanding this behaviour will help you to recognise if your horse is happy, angry, dozy, asleep, in pain, or frightened.

Behaviour Signs

• Ears

o    Ears Forward This is an alert and attentive sign, often showing happiness.

o    Ears To The SideThis can show that the horse is relaxed. If the horse is being ridden and their ears are to the side then it shows that the horse is concentrating and relaxed. If the horse is stood still with its neck mid to low in height and with eyes half closed, resting a hind foot with the ears to the side then it shows that the horse is just tired, relaxed and resting.

o    One Ear BackThis is a sign that the horse is listening.

o    Ears Mobile
Horse is alert and can hear something of interest, the ears will move around often accompanied by a high neck carriage, bright eyes.

o    Ears Flat Back
This is a sign of anger and is often accompanied with swishing tail and kicking out by either one or both hind legs.

• Eyes

o    Eyes Open And Bright
Is a sign of an alert horse who is taking in their surroundings.

o    Eyes Half Shut
Is a sign that the horse is tired or dozing. Extra signs of this would be ears to the side with head mid to low and resting a hind leg and with a droopy bottom lip.

o    Eyes Shut
Is a sign hat your horse is asleep.

o    One Eye Shut
This usually indicates that the horse has a medical issue with the closed eye, so look to see if the eye is weeping or has any discharge and seek veterinary advice.

• Teeth

o    Horse Bite
If the horse has bitten either you or another horse and it has been accompanied with the horse having its ears flat back, a back leg kicking out at you and/or a swishing tail, then it is a sign of aggression.

o    Horses BitingHorses also bite each other and you if they are grooming each other for pleasure and social interaction, if this is the case then the horse will have their ears either forward or to the side with a relaxed tail and happy expression.

• Lips

o    Upper Lip CurlWhen horses curl up their upper lip it is known as the 'flehmen technique', and horses do this when they are aware of a scent in the air; for example a stallion will do this when he is aware of a mares hormone scent when she is in season.

• Chin

o    Droopy
The horses chin and lower lip will often go droopy when they are very sleepy, content or relaxed. Other signs include resting a hind leg, ears to the side and head carriage mid to low in height.

• Nostrils

o    Snorting
Horses will make a snorting noise with their nostrils when they are unsure or frightened of something.

• Head And Neck Carriage

o    Head HighHead High is often a healthy sign of an alert and curious horse and is often accompanied with alert ears, bright eyes and an alert focused expression.

o    Head LowHead Low can either be a sign of submission, depression or simply tiredness.

o    Neck Curving Around
Neck turning to the side and looking at their flanks can be a sign of discomfort, this can be either due to a fly on the horses side or a more serious upset such as colic in which case other symptoms will also be visible.

• Back

o    Back RaisedRaised and tight is a sign of discomfort, for example due to a saddle or sore in that area.

• Tail

o    Tail Raised HighTail raised high in the air is usually accompanied with a high neck carriage, a bright happy and alert expression. Horses are often seen with high tails when playing in the field.

o    Tail Clamped Down
Tail clamped flat down is a sign of discomfort for example if a fly is under the dock of the horse. o Tail swishing is an aggressive warning sign and can also used as a sign of discomfort. Other accompanying symptoms to look out for are ears flat back and kicking out with one or both back legs.

• Back Legs

o    One Leg KickingOne leg kicking out is an aggressive warning sign.

o    Both Legs Kicking
Both legs kicking out shows aggression.

• Forelegs

o    Pawing Ground
Pawing the ground can be a sign of impatience, hunger and can also be a symptom of colic which will have other symptoms visible. o

o    Stamping GroundStamping the ground is a sign of impatience and can also be due to discomfort caused by for example a cut or flies on the leg.

o    Resting Leg
Resting one foreleg is a sign of discomfort in that limb.

 

Ref: http://www.equestrianandhorse.com/equus/behaviour.html